A huge literature is devoted to M. A. Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Don". The first monographs about him appeared before the Great Patriotic War, and critical articles-in the late 20s. There is no need to evaluate various interpretations of the famous novel. Researchers focused most of their attention on literary problems. But for almost four decades since the end of the Sholokhov epic, relatively few special (applied, reference, textual and factual) developments of the "Quiet Don" have appeared. This essay focuses on the historical background of the Quiet Don. The creative history of the novel has already been considered in a number of studies1, which are built in purely philological terms. Specific historical facts are given a secondary place in them. There are, however, a number of special studies (or sections in them) concerning the actual material used in the novel. Serious in content is the article by V. G. Vasilyev 2, which was later included in the monograph of the same author. It correctly identifies a number of sources from which the novelist drew factual material. Thus, by means of textual analysis, it was established that Sholokhov used the data of G. Zakharyants's pamphlet3 and the correspondence of the newspaper "Our Banner"4 to describe the battles in December 1917 near Rostov . F.'s expedition Podtelkova on the Upper Don is described based on the journalistic works of D. Delert and A. A. Frenkel5 . The events of the Kornilov revolt are described using the memoirs of General A. S. Lukomsky .6 The description of the" election " of Don ataman Krasnov in May 1918 was made using Krasnov's memoirs .7 It is established that the scenes of the White Guard " ice campaign "(January-February 1918) were written using factual material from the memoirs of General A. I. Denikin8 . This and many other printed publications appeared, of course, even before the corresponding chapters of the Quiet Don were written. Similarly, some White Guard materials were published (par ... Читать далее