In the Russian literature, there are almost no works devoted to specific sociological studies of Russian workers of the late XIX-early XX centuries. There are several reasons for this. The main issue that was in the center of attention of the Russian public for a long time was peasant. There is a huge literature devoted to the Russian land community, including many thousands of articles, monographs, and reports. Within the framework of agrarian sociology and zemstvo statistics, which grew up in relation to the peasant question again, an original research direction was formed related to the study of peasant budgets. Not only in our country, but also abroad, the names of F. A. Shcherbina, A. Peshekhonov, and F. F. Peshekhonov have become famous. Erisman, A. I. Chuprov, and N. A. Kablukov. Much more modest against this background are the achievements of industrial sociology at the beginning of the XX century. If we take into account that the" working question " was raised before the scientific community not earlier than the 90-ies of the XIX century, when agrarian sociology, including the communal tradition, had solid experience behind it, then we could not expect a serious scientific breakthrough from the growing strength of industrial sociology at the beginning of the XX century. Nevertheless, the study of working budgets should be considered one of the key and most advanced enclaves of scientific sociology in the first quarter of the 20th century. Such names as G. Naumov, S. Prokopovich, M. Davidovich, A. Stopani, I. Vovsi, G. Pollyak are practically unknown to the current generation, but at that time they represented the vanguard of Russian socio-economic thought. An analysis of the specialized literature (1-7) showed that the detailed analysis of pre-revolutionary budgets is not given due attention. At best, these are several pages within separate monographs. An exception, perhaps, is the article by V. Ovsyannikov, published in the distant 20s in two issues of the ... Читать далее